J4279 : Bench Mark, Cultra

taken 12 years ago, near to Craigavad, Co Down, Northern Ireland

Bench Mark, Cultra
Bench Mark, Cultra
Cut bench mark on the front of the preserved Ballydown national school, now located within the grounds of the Ulster Folk Museum J4280 : The Ulster Folk Museum (17).
The original location of the bench mark was at J14514527; the mark was last levelled to 69.53 metres above MSL (although this is now irrelevant due to the change in location).
Bench Mark

Bench marks LinkExternal link were historically used to record the height above sea level of a location as surveyed against the Mean Sea Level data (taken at Clarendon Dock, Belfast, for Northern Ireland data, Newlyn in Cornwall for data in Great Britain and Portmoor Pier, Malin Head, for data relating to the Republic of Ireland). They were used as part of a greater surveying network by the UK Ordnance Survey, Ordnance Survey Northern Ireland (OSNI) and the Ordnance Survey Ireland (OSI). If the exact height of one bench mark is known then the exact height of the next can be found by measuring the difference in heights, through a process of spirit levelling. In this way hundreds of thousands of bench marks were sited all around the UK & Ireland from the mid 19th to late 20th centuries. There are several distinct types of bench mark:

- Fundamental bench marks have been constructed at selected sites where foundations can be set on stable strata such as bedrock. Each FBM consists of a buried chamber with a brass bolt set in the top of a granite pillar. See NG8825 : Dornie fundamental bench mark for an example. FBMs were used in Ireland as well as GB but those in Ireland do not have any surface markers, nor are they marked on standard maps.
- Flush brackets consist of metal plates about 90 mm wide and 175 mm long. Each bracket has a unique serial number. They are most commonly found on most Triangulation Pillars, some churches or on other important civic buildings. See J3270 : Flush Bracket, Belfast for an example.
- Cut bench marks are the commonest form of mark. They consist of a horizontal bar cut into a wall or brickwork and are found just about anywhere. A broad arrow is cut immediately below the centre of the horizontal bar. See J3372 : Bench Mark, Belfast for an example. The horizontal mark may be replaced by or contain a bolt - see J1486 : Bench Mark, Antrim.
Other marks include:
- Projecting bench marks such as SD8072 : Projecting Bracket Benchmark on St Oswald's Tower
- Bolt bench marks such as SJ1888 : OSBM bolt on Hilbre Island
- Rivet bench marks such as J3978 : Bench Mark, Holywood
- Pivot bench marks such as SJ2661 : Pivot bench mark on Leeswood Bridge

Bench marks are commonly found on older buildings or other semi-permanent features such as stone bridges or walls. Due to updated mapping techniques and technological advances such as GPS, bench marks are no longer maintained. Many are still in existence and the markers will probably remain until they are eventually destroyed by redevelopment or erosion.

Creative Commons Licence [Some Rights Reserved]   © Copyright Rossographer and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence.
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J4279, 87 images   (more nearby search)
Photographer
Date Taken
Friday, 7 October, 2011   (more nearby)
Submitted
Monday, 10 October, 2011
Geographical Context
Lowlands  Historic sites and artefacts  Suburb, Urban fringe  Educational sites 
Category (from Tags)
Bench Mark 
Place (from Tags)
Cultra  Ballycultra  Ulster Folk and Transport Museum 
Subject Location
Irish: geotagged! J 423 799 [100m precision]
WGS84: 54:38.8290N 5:47.7320W
Camera Location
Irish: geotagged! J 423 799
View Direction
Southeast (about 135 degrees)
Clickable map
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Other Tags
Bench Mark  Schoolhouse (Former)  School (Former) 

Click a tag, to view other nearby images.

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