Architectural features illustrated

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Balconet - A false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window.


Ball flower - An architectural ornament in the form of a ball inserted in the cup of a flower, from the latter part of the 13th, to its peak in the early part of the 14th century.


Baluster - A small moulded shaft, square or circular, in stone or wood, sometimes metal, supporting the coping of a parapet or the handrail of a staircase.


Balustrade - A series of balusters supporting a handrail or coping is called a balustrade.


Bargeboard - A board fastened to the projecting gables of a roof.


Barrel Gable - A semi-circular portion of an end wall


Barrel vault - An architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance.


Bartizan - An overhanging, wall-mounted turret projecting from the walls, usually at the corners, of medieval fortifications or churches.


Basement - Lowest, subordinate storey of building often either entirely or partially below ground level; the lowest part of classical elevation


Basilica - a Roman, large roofed hall erected for transacting business and disposing of legal matters.; later the term came to describe an aisled building with a clerestory.


Batement Lights - The lights in the upper part of a perpendicular window, abated, or only half the width of those below.


Batter (walls) - Upwardly receding slope of a wall or column.


Battlement - a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height in which rectangular gaps or indentations occur at intervals to allow for the discharge of arrows or other missiles


Bay window - is a window space projecting outward from the main walls of a building and forming a bay in a room and extending to the ground. (see Oriel)


Belfry - Chamber or stage in a tower where bells are hung. The term is also used to describe the manner in which bricks are laid in a wall so that they interlock.


Bench table - Stone seat which runs round the walls of large churches, and sometimes round the piers; it very generally is placed in the porches.


Blind arcade - arcading applied to the surface of an otherwise blank wall.


Bond - Brickwork with overlapping bricks. Types of bond include stretcher, English, header, Flemish, garden wall, herringbone, basket, American, and Chinese.
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Boss 2 - An ornamental projection, a carved keystone of a ribbed vault at the intersection of the ogives.


Boutant - see flying buttress

Bracket (see also corbel) - Weight-bearing member made of wood, stone, or metal that overhangs a wall.


Bressummer - (literally "breast- beam") – Large, horizontal beam supporting the wall above, especially in a jettied building.


Brise soleil - Projecting fins or canopies which shade windows from direct sunlight.


Broken Pediment - in classic architecture the triangular-shaped portion of the wall above the cornice which formed the termination of the roof behind it.


Bullseye window - Can either mean a small oval window, or an early type of window glass.


Bulwark - Barricade of beams and soil used in 15th- and 16th-century fortifications designed to mount artillery. Figuratively it means anything serving as a defence.


Buttress - Vertical member projecting from a wall to stabilize it or to resist the lateral thrust of an arch, roof, or vault. (see also flying buttress)

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